2025-02-15
February 15¶
Reading for Today:
今日读经：
- Leviticus 1:1–2:16
- 利未记 1:1–2:16
- Psalm 22:22-31
- 诗篇 22:22-31
- Proverbs 8:32-36
- 箴言 8:32-36
- Matthew 27:27-54
- 马太福音 27:27-54
Notes:
注解：
Leviticus 1:4 put his hand on the head. This symbolic gesture pictured the transfer of the sacrificer’s sin to the sacrificial animal and was likely done with a prayer of repentance and request for forgiveness (see Ps. 51:18, 19). on his behalf. This was a substitutionary sacrifice that prefigured the ultimate substitute—Jesus Christ (see Is. 53; 2 Cor. 5:21). make atonement. The word means "cover." The psalmist defines it by saying, "Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is covered" (Ps. 32:1). Theologically, the "atonement" of the Old Testament covered sin only temporarily, but it did not eliminate sin or later judgment (Heb. 10:4). The one-time sacrifice of Jesus Christ fully atoned for sin, thus satisfying God’s wrath forever and insuring eternal salvation (see Heb. 9:12; 1 John 2:2), even to those who put saving faith in God for their redemption before Christ’s death on the cross (see Rom. 3:25, 26; Heb. 9:15).
利未记 1:4 按手在头上。 这象征性动作表示将献祭者的罪转移到祭牲身上，通常伴随悔改的祷告和祈求赦免（参诗51:18-19）。为他赎罪。 这是替代性献祭，预表终极的替代者——耶稣基督（参赛53；林后5:21）。赎罪。 该词意为"遮盖"。诗人定义道："得赦免其过、遮盖其罪的，这人是有福的"（诗32:1）。神学上，旧约的"赎罪"仅暂时遮盖罪，并未消除罪或最终审判（来10:4）。基督一次献祭完全赎罪，永远平息神的忿怒并确保永恒救恩（参来9:12；约一2:2），甚至惠及在基督受死前凭信心求赎的人（参罗3:25-26；来9:15）。
Matthew 27:31 to be crucified. Crucifixion was a form of punishment that had been passed down to the Romans from the Persians, Phoenicians, and Carthaginians. Roman crucifixion was a lingering doom—by design. Roman executioners had perfected the art of slow torture while keeping the victim alive. Some victims even lingered until they were eaten alive by birds of prey or wild beasts. Most hung on the cross for days before dying of exhaustion, dehydration, traumatic fever, or—most likely—suffocation. When the legs would no longer support the weight of the body, the diaphragm was constricted in a way that made breathing impossible. That is why breaking the legs would hasten death (John 19:31–33), but this was unnecessary in Jesus’ case. The hands were usually nailed through the wrists, and the feet through the instep or the Achilles tendon (sometimes using one nail for both feet). None of these wounds would be fatal, but their pain would become unbearable as the hours dragged on. The most notable feature of crucifixion was the stigma of disgrace that was attached to it (Gal. 3:13; 5:11; Heb. 12:2). One indignity was the humiliation of carrying one’s own cross, which might weigh as much as 200 pounds. Normally a quaternion, 4 soldiers, would escort the prisoner through the crowds to the place of crucifixion. A placard bearing the indictment would be hung around the person’s neck.
马太福音 27:31 钉十字架。 钉刑是罗马人从波斯、腓尼基和迦太基继承的刑罚。罗马钉刑是精心设计的缓慢死亡——行刑者精通延长痛苦却保持受刑者存活的技术。有些人甚至活到被猛禽野兽啃食。多数受刑者因力竭、脱水、创伤性发热或窒息（最常见）数日后死亡。当双腿无法支撑身体时，横膈膜受压导致无法呼吸，因此打断腿骨可加速死亡（约19:31-33），但耶稣无需如此。双手通常钉于手腕，双脚钉于脚背或跟腱（有时一钉贯穿双脚）。这些伤口不致命，但随时间推移疼痛难忍。钉刑最显著的特征是耻辱性（加3:13；5:11；来12:2）。羞辱之一是自己背负约200磅的十字架游街，通常由四名士兵押送，颈挂罪状牌。
Matthew 27:46 Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? "Eli" is Hebrew; the rest Aramaic. (Mark 15:34 gives the entire wail in Aramaic.) This cry is a fulfillment of Psalm 22:1, one of many striking parallels between that psalm and the specific events of the Crucifixion. Christ at that moment was experiencing the abandonment and despair that resulted from the outpouring of divine wrath on Him as sin-bearer.
马太福音 27:46 以利，以利，拉马撒巴各大尼？ "以利"是希伯来语，其余为亚兰语（可15:34全用亚兰语）。这呼喊应验了诗篇22:1，该诗篇与受难事件有多处惊人对应。此时基督作为罪担者，正经历神忿怒倾注带来的离弃与绝望。
DAY 15: How is Christ seen in the Levitical offerings?
第十五天：利未记的祭物如何预表基督？
表格
| 祭物 | 基督的供应 | 基督的属性 |
|---|---|---|
| 1. 燔祭（利1:3-17；6:8-13） | 赎罪 | 基督无罪的本性 |
| 2. 素祭（利2:1-16；6:14-23） | 奉献/分别为圣 | 基督全然顺服父神的旨意 |
| 3. 平安祭（利3:1-17；7:11-36） | 和好/团契 | 基督与神和好 |
| 4. 赎罪祭（利4:1-5:13；6:24-30） | 平息神的忿怒 | 基督替代性的死 |
| 5. 赎愆祭（利5:14-6:7；7:1-10） | 悔改 | 基督全然偿付救赎之价 |
From The MacArthur Daily Bible Copyright © 2003. Used by permission of Thomas Nelson Bibles, a division of Thomas Nelson, Inc, Nashville, TN 37214, www.thomasnelson.com.
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