2025-06-11

Reading for Today:
今日读经：

2 Kings 9:1–10:36
列王记下 9:1–10:36
Psalm 72:17-20
诗篇 72:17-20
Proverbs 18:14-15
箴言 18:14-15
John 19:1-22
约翰福音 19:1-22

Notes:
注解：

2 Kings 9:2 Jehu. The Lord had previously told Elijah that Jehu would become king over Israel and kill those involved in the worship of Baal (1 Kin. 19:16,17). The fulfillment of the prophecy is recorded from 9:1–10:31. inner room. A private room that could be closed off to the public. Elisha commissioned one of the younger prophets to anoint Jehu alone behind closed doors. The rite was to be a secret affair without Elisha present so that Jehoram would not suspect that a coup was coming.
列王记下 9:2 耶户。 耶和华曾先前对以利亚说，耶户要作以色列王，并杀戮所有拜巴力的人（参王上19:16-17）。该预言的应验记录于9:1-10:31。严密的屋内。 是指可以对外关闭的私密房间。以利沙差遣一个年轻先知使者，在密室里单独膏抹耶户。在没有以利沙出面的情况下，此举必须秘密进行，好让约兰不怀疑政变即将发生。

2 Kings 9:3 anointed you king over Israel. The anointing with olive oil by a prophet of the Lord confirmed that God Himself had earlier chosen that man to be king (1 Sam. 10:1; 16:13). This action of anointing by a commissioned prophet indicated divine investiture with God’s sovereign power to Jehu. flee, and do not delay. The need for haste by the young prophet underscored the danger of the assignment. A prophet in the midst of Israel’s army camp would alert the pro-Jehoram elements to the possibility of the coup.
列王记下 9:3 膏你作以色列的王。 耶和华先知用橄榄油膏立某人作王，表明神早已拣选此人执掌王权（参撒上10:1，16:13）。受差遣的先知膏立耶户，象征神已赐下祂至高无上的主权能力。逃跑，不可迟延。 年轻先知急忙离开的必要性，凸显这任务的危险。若有先知在以色列军营中出现，会让支持约兰的人警觉到可能发生政变。

2 Kings 9:30 paint on her eyes. The painting of the eyelids with a black powder mixed with oil and applied with a brush, darkened them to give an enlarged effect. Jezebel’s appearance at the window gave the air of a royal audience to awe Jehu.
列王记下 9:30 画眼。 是用混有油的黑色粉末用刷子描在眼睑上，使眼睛显得更加深邃有神。耶洗别站在窗户出现，摆出王室礼仪，以威势震慑耶户。

John 19:12 not Caesar’s friend. This statement by the Jews was loaded with irony, for the Jews’ hatred of Rome certainly indicated they too were no friends of Caesar. But they knew Pilate feared Tiberius Caesar (the Roman emperor at the time of Jesus’ crucifixion) since he had a highly suspicious personality and exacted ruthless punishment. Pilate had already created upheaval in Palestine by several foolish acts that had infuriated the Jews, and so was under the scrutiny of Rome to see if his ineptness continued. The Jews were intimidating him by threatening another upheaval that could spell the end of his power in Palestine, if he did not execute Jesus.
约翰福音 19:12 不是该撒的朋友。 这是犹太人带有讽刺的一句话，因为他们痛恨罗马，也绝非“该撒的朋友”。但他们知道彼拉多惧怕提庇留该撒（耶稣受难时的罗马皇帝），该撒性情多疑且酷虐无情。彼拉多过往多次愚蠢举动已激怒犹太人，使巴勒斯坦动荡不安，因此受到罗马高度关注，看他是否还会继续无能。犹太人以再度制造骚乱威胁彼拉多，借此逼迫他，若不处死耶稣，就要让他在巴勒斯坦的统治丧失。

John 19:18 crucified Him. Jesus was made to lie on the ground while His arms were stretched out and nailed to the horizontal beam that He carried. The beam was then hoisted up, along with the victim, and fastened to the vertical beam. His feet were nailed to the vertical beam to which sometimes was attached a piece of wood that served as a kind of seat that partially supported the weight of the body. The latter, however, was designed to prolong and increase the agony, not relieve it. Having been stripped naked and beaten, Jesus could hang in the hot sun for hours if not days. To breathe, it was necessary to push with the legs and pull with the arms, creating excruciating pain. Terrible muscle spasms wracked the entire body; but since collapse meant asphyxiation, the struggle for life continued. two others. Matthew (27:38) and Luke (23:33) use the same word for these two as John used for Barabbas, i.e., guerrilla fighters.
约翰福音 19:18 钉他十字架。 耶稣被迫仰卧在地，双臂被拉直，钉在横木上（即祂所背负的横梁）。随后横木连同耶稣一起被挂在竖立的木桩上，祂的双脚再钉在竖木上。竖木有时附有一块木板，如凳子，可部分承托身体重量，但其实是为了延长并加重痛苦。耶稣被剥光衣服、被鞭打后，可以在酷热下挂数小时甚至数日。呼吸时必须用双腿撑起、双臂用力，痛苦难忍，全身抽搐，但一旦失力陷落即窒息死亡，因此生命挣扎持续。“另有两个人”，马太（27:38）、路加（23:33）都用与约翰描述巴拉巴同样的词——游击队（或说强盗）。

DAY 11: Describe the abuse that Christ endured during the trial?
第十一天：请描述基督在受审时所遭受的虐待？

In John 19:1, it says that “Pilate took Jesus and scourged Him.” Pilate appears to have flogged Jesus as a strategy to set Him free (vv. 4–6). He was hoping that the Jews would be appeased by this action and that sympathy for Jesus’ suffering would result in their desire that He be released (Luke 23:13–16).Scourging was a horribly cruel act in which the victim was stripped, tied to a post and beaten by several torturers, i.e., soldiers who alternated when exhausted. For victims who were not Roman citizens, the preferred instrument was a short wooden handle to which several leather thongs were attached. Each leather thong had pieces of bones or metal on the end. The beatings were so savage that sometimes victims died. The body could be torn or lacerated to such an extent that muscles, veins, or bones were exposed. Such flogging often preceded execution in order to weaken and dehumanize the victim (Is. 53:5). Apparently, however, Pilate intended this to create sympathy for Jesus.
在约翰福音19:1中记载：“彼拉多将耶稣鞭打了。”彼拉多似乎将鞭刑作为释放耶稣的一种策略（见4-6节），希望这个举动能平息犹太人，使他们因耶稣受苦而产生怜悯，进而愿意释放祂（路23:13-16）。鞭打是一种极其残酷的刑罚，受刑者被脱光衣服，绑在柱子上，由多名行刑者（通常是士兵）轮换抽打。对于非罗马公民，常用的器具是短木柄，绑有多条皮鞭，皮鞭尾端还带骨头或金属片。鞭打之惨烈，受刑人往往当场毙命，皮肉撕裂，甚至露出筋脉或骨头。如此酷刑常常在处决前施以受刑人，为的是削弱并羞辱其人性（参赛53:5）。但彼拉多本意是借此唤起人们对耶稣的同情。

Then there was the “crown of thorns” (v. 2). This crown was made from the long spikes (up to 12 inches) of a date palm formed into an imitation of the radiating crowns which oriental kings wore. The long thorns would have cut deeply into Jesus’ head, adding to the pain and bleeding. The use of the “purple robe” represented royalty. The robe probably was a military cloak flung around Jesus’ shoulders, intended to mock His claim to be King of the Jews.
还有第2节提到的“荆棘冠冕”。这冠冕用枣椰树可达12英寸的长刺编成，仿照东方王室佩戴的放射状王冠。长刺深深扎入耶稣头皮，加剧剧痛与流血。“紫袍”象征王权，这大概是一件军用外袍披在耶稣肩上，用来讥讽祂自称“犹太人的王”。

Pilate declared to the people, “I find no fault in Him” (v. 4), and when he brought Jesus out, he cried, “Behold the Man!” (v. 5). Pilate dramatically presented Jesus after His torturous treatment by the soldiers. Jesus would have been swollen, bruised, and bleeding. Pilate displayed Jesus as a beaten and pathetic figure, hoping to gain the people’s choice of Jesus for release. Pilate’s phrase is filled with sarcasm since he was attempting to impress upon the Jewish authorities that Jesus was not the dangerous man that they had made Him out to be.
彼拉多对众人说：“我查不出他有什么罪来。”（4节）后来又把耶稣带出来，说：“看这个人！”（5节）彼拉多用这戏剧性的举动，将被士兵残暴凌辱后的耶稣展现在众人面前。此时耶稣全身浮肿、淤伤、流血。彼拉多刻意把耶稣描绘成一个被打得可怜无助的人，意图争取众人同情，支持释放耶稣。他的话语中充满讥讽，其用意是让犹太首领明白，耶稣并非他们所说的威胁人物。

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